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Central European Journal of Communication

Central European Journal of Communication

Scientific Journal of the Polish Communication Association

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You are here: Home > Browse Journal > Volume 18 No 1 (39) Special Issue 2025 > Press Freedom and Freedom of Expression in Estonia and Latvia: The Role of Agents

Press Freedom and Freedom of Expression in Estonia and Latvia: The Role of Agents

Halliki Harro-Loit
University of Tartu, Estonia

Mari-Liisa Parder
University of Tartu, Estonia

Anda Rožukalne
Riga Stradiņš University, Latvia

Marten Juurik
University of Tartu, Estonia

Ilva Skulte
Riga Stradiņš University, Latvia

ABSTRACT: Editorial independence and freedom of expression are not self-evident in 21st century European Union. Although the Press Freedom Index monitors the situation on a yearly basis, we ask in the context of two Baltic states – Estonia and Latvia, what the improvement of Latvia’s ranking and deterioration of Estonia’s tells us about freedom of press (FoP) and freedom of expression (FoE) in these two countries. As we differentiate between FoP and FoE in the current article, our aim is to evaluate who the agents are that play a key role in ensuring both. The main objective of this article is to propose an agent-oriented approach for the assessment of the trends concerning the practices of FoE and press freedom in Estonia and Latvia.  We conclude that cases from Estonia and Latvia illustrate how the actions and non-actions from individual and institutional agents could have detrimental effect on both the FoE and of the press, even when the highest court instances and legal frameworks are generally supportive of these freedoms.

Full text: https://journals.ptks.pl/cejc/article/view/669/pdf

DOI: 10.51480/1899-5101.18.1(39).669

KEYWORDS: freedom of expression, press freedom, agent-oriented approach, case analysis, Estonia, Latvia

AUTHORS: